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Educational Leadership and Teachers’ Efficacy Among Public Elementary Schools in Misamis Oriental

Author(s) Mr. Owen Niko G. Baylan, Dr. Estrella S. Ferenal
Country Philippines
Abstract Education was one of the important foundations of human development, with school heads and teachers playing vital roles in supporting learners’ holistic development. This study aimed to determine the educational leadership of school heads and teachers’ efficacy during School Year 2024–2025. Specifically, it examined school heads’ assessment of their educational leadership, determined teachers’ level of efficacy, examined the significant relationship between educational leadership and teacher efficacy, and developed a school management plan based on the findings.
The study employed a descriptive-correlational research design. The respondents consisted of 64 school heads and 320 public elementary school teachers selected through stratified random sampling from small, medium, and central schools. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for school heads, while a modified questionnaire was administered to teachers. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, and Spearman’s rank correlation.
The findings showed that school heads assessed their educational leadership at a Very High level, while teachers assessed their efficacy at a Highly Effective level. Organizational Leadership received the highest assessment among the leadership dimensions, while Knowledge of Subject Matter received the highest assessment among teacher efficacy indicators. Significant relationships were found between selected dimensions of educational leadership and teacher efficacy.
Based on the findings, the study concluded that organizational leadership provided an important foundation for effective school functioning, while teachers’ professional knowledge supported their instructional practice. An Organizational Leadership–Instructional Capacity Theory (OLICT) was developed based on the findings. The study recommended strengthening leadership development programs, particularly in transformational leadership, sustaining effective organizational practices, and enhancing LAC sessions, peer coaching, and professional development to improve teachers’ teaching strategies.
Keywords educational leadership, teachers’ efficacy
Field Sociology > Education
Published In Volume 7, Issue 10, October 2026
Published On 2026-10-19
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IJLRP's Crossref DOI prefix is
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