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The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 in the Age Of Artificial Intelligence: Transforming Criminal Law and Legal Practice in India

Author(s) Manjinder Singh, Dr. Arpana Bansal
Country India
Abstract A paradigm shift in the treatment of complicated societal issues, especially in the domains of adjudication and punishment, has occurred with the widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) in many facets of government. This article discusses the framework of India's criminal justice system and provides a critical analysis of its current implementations, future enhancements, and the constitutional, ethical, and legal challenges it poses. The adoption process in India has been slow but steady, thanks to major improvements in areas such as law enforcement, forensic science, data processing, and court adjudication. Important government agencies have stated their belief in the viability of AI-driven governance approaches. Projects like integrated criminal databases and forensic technology assisted by artificial intelligence have made their deployment practicable. Much of this research is devoted to analyzing how the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023, incorporate AI technology into India's revised criminal code. A modernization drive is indicated by these statutes, which offer legal backing for the incorporation of AI into procedural frameworks. The research uses a doctrinal approach to examine how well AI tools adhere to the procedural guarantees, evidential norms, and fundamental rights codified in these new codes. An in-depth and critical examination of AI's role in India's criminal justice system is presented in this article. By striking a balance between the need to protect constitutional values and the promise of technological advancement, it makes a significant contribution to academic research in this crucial area.
Keywords Justice, Modernization, Rehabilitation, Criminal, Artificial Intelligence, Victims.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, June 2026
Published On 2026-06-05
DOI https://doi.org/10.70528/IJLRP.v7.i6.2440
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