Effect of Contrast Hip Bath on Pain Modulation and Quality of Life in Subjects with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Sandeep S.; Mahathi M.S.; Mehnaaz Parveen; Mohan A.G.; Hamsika K.

Effect of Contrast Hip Bath on Pain Modulation and Quality of Life in Subjects with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Author(s)	Dr. Sandeep S., Mahathi M.S., Mehnaaz Parveen, Mohan A.G., Hamsika K.
Country	India
Abstract	Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is recurrent menstrual pain occurring in the absence of pelvic pathology, largely attributed to excessive prostaglandin production and uterine hypercontractility. Contrast hip bath is a classical naturopathic hydrotherapeutic procedure that alternates hot and cold immersion to modulate pelvic circulation and pain. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of contrast hip bath on pain intensity and quality of life in young women with primary dysmenorrhea. Materials and Methods: A single-group pre–post interventional study was conducted on 10 women aged 18–21 years (mean 18.8 ± 1.0 years) with primary dysmenorrhea at Government Nature Cure and Yoga Medical College & Hospital, Mysore. Contrast hip bath (hot water 40–42°C for 3 minutes alternating with cold water 12–18°C for 1 minute, repeated thrice; total 13–15 minutes) was administered daily for 10 days. Outcomes were assessed using the WaLIDD score, Wong–Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and a Quality of Life (QOL) questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were analysed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and paired t-tests; effect sizes were expressed as Cohen’s d. Results: All outcomes improved significantly. Mean WaLIDD score decreased from 8.10 ± 0.88 to 5.70 ± 1.34 (Δ −2.40, p = 0.002, d = −2.23). Wong–Baker scores decreased from 7.40 ± 1.35 to 4.40 ± 1.26 (Δ −3.00, p = 0.002, d = −2.85). VAS decreased from 7.60 ± 0.97 to 5.00 ± 0.67 (Δ −2.60, p = 0.002, d = −5.03). QOL scores increased from 59.00 ± 8.60 to 63.00 ± 7.07 (Δ +4.00, p = 0.002, d = 1.13). Every participant improved on every measure. Conclusion: Contrast hip bath therapy produced highly significant short-term reductions in pain severity and improvements in quality of life in young women with primary dysmenorrhea. Larger controlled trials are recommended.
Keywords	Primary dysmenorrhea; contrast hip bath; hydrotherapy; WaLIDD; Wong–Baker; Visual Analogue Scale; quality of life; naturopathy
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 9, September 2026
Published On	2026-09-12

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Effect of Contrast Hip Bath on Pain Modulation and Quality of Life in Subjects with Primary Dysmenorrhea

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