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“Assessing the Impact of Government Policies and Smart City Initiatives on Sustainable Infrastructure and Air Quality Improvement” – A Case Study of Udaipur, Rajasthan

Author(s) Dhanuj Goyal, Sanjeev Kumar Verma
Country India
Abstract Udaipur, the “lake city” faces intensified environmental challenges, mainly air pollution and infrastructure stress. The main economy of Udaipur is driven by tourism and faces increasing pressure from vehicular emissions, construction activities, tourism and mining-related pollutants. This study assesses the impact of government policies like Smart Cities Mission , National Clean Air Programme, Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation and Swachh Bharat Mission initiatives on sustainable infrastructure development and air quality improvement in Udaipur using monthly averaged data of Air Quality Index (AQI), PM10, NO₂, and SO₂ concentrations, obtained from three monitoring stations- Amba Mata, Town Hall and Regional Office of Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board (RSPCB), from year 2018 to 2024. This analysis mainly considering patterns and trends in AQI as a proxy parameter for the impact of infrastructure and environmental management. Results show a moderate improvement in average AQI between 2018 to 2024 with a partial deterioration in which PM10 is the main barrier for achieving good air quality. The seasonal pattern shows monsoon months having relatively better air quality than the winter months. The COVID-19 lockdown acted as a “natural experiment,” proving that traffic and industry are major contributors. The results also show a distinct downward trend in SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations, local traffic control cannot be the only reason for the persistent decline in NO₂ after 2020. It strongly aligns with the adoption of BS-VI fuel and vehicles, which reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by up to 70% in diesel cars. SO₂ levels in Udaipur have remained well within safe limits. Post-2020, levels dropped and stabilized between 6 µg/m³ and 8 µg/m³.
Keywords AQI, AMRUT, COVID-19, Environmental Management, NCAP, Smart City, Udaipur.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, June 2026
Published On 2026-06-28

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