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Caste, Community and Devotional Inclusivity: A Comparative Analysis of Purandaradasa and Kanakadasa

Author(s) Mr. Muralidhar S Dodamani, Dr. Shridevi P. G.
Country India
Abstract The Haridasa movement of Karnataka represents a seminal shift in the socio-religious landscape of medieval India, characterized by a transition from esoteric ritualism to an emancipatory, vernacular-based devotion accessible to all. The Saint-Poets, or ‘servants of Hari,’ utilized the power of music and the Kannada language to bridge the chasm between the divine and the common folk, effectively democratizing spiritual knowledge. This paper investigates the intersection of caste, community, and devotional inclusivity through a comparative analysis of two pre-eminent Saint-Poets, Purandaradasa, and Kanakadasa. The primary objective is to evaluate how their distinct social identities influenced their theological output and critiques of hierarchy, specifically asking how Kanakadasa’s position as a social outsider fostered a more radical subversion of ‘Varnashrama-dharma’ compared to Purandaradasa’s internal reformist approach. By applying a Cultural-Subaltern Hermeneutic alongside a Vernacular-Poetic framework, the paper interprets their compositions as counter-hegemonic texts that leverage the ‘spiritual capital’ of the Kannada language against priestly orthodoxy. Employing a qualitative, comparative methodology rooted in socio-literary analysis of their verses and hagiographies, it maps the transition from Sanskrit-centric exclusion to a more egalitarian tradition. Possible outcomes suggest that while both the Saint-Poets championed inclusivity, their methods diverged—with Purandaradasa focusing on individual moral purification and Kanakadasa challenging systemic exclusion—concluding that their combined legacy provided a foundational blueprint for social justice in Southern India.
Keywords Egalitarian, Democratising, Haridasa, Inclusivity, Social Identity
Field Arts
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, June 2026
Published On 2026-06-28
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IJLRP's Crossref DOI prefix is
10.70528/IJLRP

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