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Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Liquid Hand Sanitizer Enriched with Aloe vera for Prolonged Antimicrobial and Skin Protective Effect.

Author(s) Mr. Vishvambar Digambar Raut, Mrs. Bhagyashali Baheti
Country India
Abstract Hand hygiene is one of the most effective measures for preventing the transmission of infectious diseases. Although alcohol-based hand sanitizers are widely used because of their rapid antimicrobial action, frequent application may lead to skin dryness, irritation, and damage to the natural skin barrier. The present study was aimed at developing and evaluating a novel herbal liquid hand sanitizer incorporating natural ingredients such as neem extract, clove oil, and Aloe vera along with ethanol to enhance antimicrobial efficacy and improve skin compatibility. Neem extract possesses antibacterial and antifungal properties due to active constituents such as nimbidin and azadirachtin, while clove oil rich in eugenol provides potent antimicrobial and residual antiseptic action. Aloe vera was included for its moisturizing, soothing, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. The formulation was prepared using ethanol, neem extract, clove oil, Aloe vera extract, glycerin, Tween 20, and distilled water through a systematic mixing method to obtain a stable and homogeneous product. The prepared sanitizer was evaluated for various physicochemical parameters including appearance, odor, pH, clarity, viscosity, spreadability, drying time, washability, and skin irritation. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method and compared with a marketed sanitizer. A novel time-based antimicrobial study was also performed to evaluate prolonged antimicrobial effectiveness after application on hands at different time intervals (0, 30, and 60 minutes). The developed formulation showed satisfactory physicochemical properties, good spreadability, rapid drying time, and excellent skin compatibility without causing irritation. Significant antimicrobial activity and prolonged residual effect were observed due to the synergistic action of ethanol and herbal ingredients. The herbal sanitizer demonstrated antimicrobial effectiveness comparable to or slightly better than the marketed formulation. The study concludes that the formulated herbal liquid hand sanitizer is an effective, safe, skin-friendly, and economical alternative to conventional alcohol-based sanitizers and offers the added advantage of prolonged antimicrobial protection with reduced side effects. Herbal sanitizer is equally effective or slightly better than the marketed formulation in inhibiting microbial growth, making it a promising alternative.
Keywords Sanitizer, Hygiene, Antimicrobial, Natural, Moisturing
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, May 2026
Published On 2026-05-23
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