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Water Diplomacy: New means of Peace in South Asia

Author(s) Anita Bhatt
Country India
Abstract South Asia, per se, faces several key internal challenges that stem from internal as well as external sources. These include poverty, underdevelopment, insurgency, environmental degradation, inadequate resources, cross-border terrorism, fundamentalism, illegal migration, arms races, territorial disputes, and so on. All these issues severly affected the region as it pose a serious threat to peace and integrity in the region.
As mentioned above, the area has plugged into volatility. Another major source of political contestation facing by the region is the transboundary water disputes. At present, with more than 1.857 billion population in the subcontinent, or about one-fourth of the global population is suffering from water woes. Although freshwater is in abundance as the key three rivers basins namely Ganges, the Indus, and the Brahmaputra rivers originate from the Himalayas which cross through South Asia. These river basins not only support drinking water, irrigation and hydropower but also key economic development depending on these natural resources. Ironically, one of the most water-stressed regions in the world. In recent years, the shared rivers basins turning into a source of regional conflict.
In this framework, the paper is an attempt to articulates why transboundary water management over a while has caused geopolitical tensions among the countries of South Asia? Since the transboundary water issues are a serious threat to peace and stability in the region. Therefore, this study is based on the hypothesis that water diplomacy can play an important role in preventing and mitigating water disputes in the region. The paper concludes with the suggestions to provide opportunities for transboundary water cooperation towards achieving the objective of ‘Positive Peace’ through water diplomacy for the sake of cooperation and regional stability..
Keywords Conflict, Diplomacy, Peace, South Asia, Transboundary, Water.
Published In Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2022
Published On 2022-05-11
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